Goodwin’s Consumer Finance Insights (CFI) monitors, reports, and analyzes the latest legal news, activity, and developments impacting the consumer finance industry. Consumer financial services companies—whether banks, fintechs, nonbank and alternative lenders, payment providers, or industry vendors or service providers, like digital advertisers and lead generators—face a constantly shifting and maturing regulatory and legal landscape. Growing from the Financial Crisis, today more than any time in history the consumer finance industry must confront a robust and growing body of industry legislation and regulation, all while under the microscope of sophisticated enforcers, like the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), and state regulators and attorneys general. It is critical for in-house and outside corporate counsel, compliance departments, and business executives to stay informed and aware of these developments to navigate institutional, reputational, and legal risks. Goodwin’s CFI is a singular source of the most recent industry news and latest enforcement activity for you to leverage. Here, you will find links to original enforcement documents, enforcement activity statistics, and reports, analysis, and commentary from Goodwin’s leading Consumer Financial Services Litigation and Enforcement practitioners.

Ninth Circuit Strikes Mass Arbitration Agreement as Unenforceable under California Law

On October 28, 2024, the Ninth Circuit struck a mass arbitration agreement as unconscionable and unenforceable under California law in Heckman v. Live Nation Ent., Inc., No. 23-55770.  The three-judge panel affirmed the district court’s decision holding that the arbitration agreement’s delegation clause was unconscionable under California law.  The panel…

Read More

CFPB Issues Guidance Emphasizing the Importance for Banks to Maintain Sufficient Proof of Customers’ Affirmative Consent to Overdraft Services

In recent discussions surrounding banking practices, the issue of overdraft fees, particularly for ATM and one-time debit card transactions, has gained significant attention.  On September 17, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (Bureau) issued Consumer Financial Protection Circular 2024-05 asserting that “[a] bank or credit union can be in violation…

Read More

Constitutionality of Shortened Time Limits on New York Foreclosures Still Unresolved

On September 12, 2024, New York’s highest court dismissed an appeal challenging the constitutionality of the retroactive application of the Foreclosure Abuse Prevention Act (“FAPA”), a law that amended certain New York rules to strictly cabin the time limits for commencing mortgage foreclosures.  The Court of Appeals, on its own motion,…

Read More

CFPB Permanently Bans Large Student Loan Servicer from Market and Orders Redress of $120 Million

On September 12, 2024, the CFPB announced that it entered into a stipulated proposed order with a large student loan servicer resolving allegations that the servicer forced borrowers into costly repayment options.​ Under the proposed order, the servicer would cease its servicing federal direct loans.  ​ ​ In a January 2017 complaint, the CFPB accused the servicer of steering…

Read More

CFPB Enters into $28 Million Consent Order Resolving Allegations of Consumer Credit Misreporting

​On September 11, the CFPB announced that it had entered into a consent order with a national bank resolving allegations that the bank reported inaccurate information to consumer reporting companies.  The bank agreed to pay nearly $28 million to resolve these allegations.​ The CFPB alleged the bank violated the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and the Consumer…

Read More

CFPB Report Spotlights Consumer Risks with Private, Solar-Specific Loans

On August 7, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) issued a report spotlighting four marketing and financing practices relating to solar financing that it claims pose significant consumer risks (the Report).  The CFPB noted that solar-powered electricity is a growing industry—suggesting that these risks may become an enforcement priority. …

Read More

CFPB Enters Into Consent Order With Mortgage Servicer Resolving Allegations of Improper Foreclosure Practices

On August 21, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB)​ announced​ that it entered into a consent order with a​ Florida-based mortgage servicer, resolving allegations related to the mortgage servicer’s foreclosure practices. ​The consent order​ resolves allegations ​that the mortgage servicer’s foreclosure practices violated the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 (CFPA), 12 U.S.C. §§ 5531, 5536; the…

Read More

CFPB Files Suit Against "Rent-to-Own" Business Alleging Illegal Lending Practices

​On July 26, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced that it filed a complaint against a point-of-sale financing company and its former chief executive officer in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. The complaint alleges that defendants’ “virtual rent-to-own” ​product uses misleading marketing and abusive enrollment practices that target consumers with…

Read More

Federal Court Grants TRO Against Debt Relief Company Targeting Spanish-Speaking Student Loan Borrowers

On July 22, 2024, the Federal Trade Commission announced that the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida had granted its motion for a temporary restraining order against a debt relief company that allegedly targeted Spanish-speaking consumers in Puerto Rico, among others. The FTC has alleged that the company “pretended to…

Read More

FRB Fines Utah Prepaid Debit Card Company $44 Million for Unfair and Deceptive Practices

On July 19, 2024, the Federal Reserve Board announced it had fined a Utah-based company that offers prepaid debit cards $44 million for alleged unfair and deceptive practices as well as an alleged deficient consumer compliance risk management program. ​In its Order to Cease and Desist and Order of Assessment of…

Read More

Seventh Circuit Revives CFPB’s ECOA Action Alleging Discrimination Against Prospective Applicants Against Nonbank Lender

On July 11, the Seventh Circuit held that the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1691 et seq. (ECOA) authorizes the imposition of liability for the discouragement of prospective applicants. See CFPB v. Townstone Financial, Inc., ___ F.4th ___ (7th Cir. 2024), 2024 WL 3370023. As anticipated in Goodwin’s…

Read More

California DFPI Revokes Company's Lending License for Failing to Comply with Regulatory Exam

On July 10, 2024, the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (DFPI) issued an order revoking the California Financing Law license of a company that had offered both individual and business loans in the state, following that company’s alleged failure to provide information during the DFPI’s attempt to conduct a regulatory examination….

Read More

CFPB Files Proposed Judgment in Bank Suit Regarding the Opening of Unauthorized Accounts

​On July 9, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced that it filed a proposed stipulated final judgment and ​order in its suit against a national bank accused of allegedly opening unauthorized accounts on behalf of consumers​​. ​ The proposed judgment would resolve allegations that the bank opened unauthorized accounts in the names of its customers.  As…

Read More

CFPB Enters Into Consent Order with Bank Resolving Allegations of Force-Placed-Insurance

On July 9, 2024, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced that it entered into a consent order with a national bank, resolving allegations related to the bank’s auto lending practices. The consent order​ ​​related to auto lending practices resolves allegations that the bank’s practices related to force-placed insurance policies violated the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010 (CFPA), 12…

Read More